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New jersey criminal charge

Unlawful possession of weapons in New jersey

Current through 2026 New Jersey legislative session

Unlawful possession of weapons is a criminal offense under New jersey law, defined by N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5. Its classification is not fixed: New jersey assigns a different penalty class depending on the circumstances of the offense. The class that applies — and the sentencing range that follows from it — depends on which statutory variant fits the facts.

Defined by N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5.

What is the penalty for unlawful possession of weapons in New jersey?

Penalties for Unlawful possession of weapons
PenaltyRangeBasisAuthority
Jail / prison5 years to 10 years (Machine guns — Knowing possession of a machine gun without a license.; presumption of imprisonment (2C:44-1(d)))presumptiveN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Fineup to 150000 usd (no statutory minimum) (Machine guns — Knowing possession of a machine gun without a license.; or up to double gain/loss (2C:43-3); offense-specific ceilings may exceed)discretionaryN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Jail / prison5 years to 10 years (Handguns - general — Knowing possession of a handgun without a carry permit.; presumption of imprisonment (2C:44-1(d)))presumptiveN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Fineup to 150000 usd (no statutory minimum) (Handguns - general — Knowing possession of a handgun without a carry permit.; or up to double gain/loss (2C:43-3); offense-specific ceilings may exceed)discretionaryN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Jail / prison3 years to 5 years (Handguns - air/spring/gas type — Possession of an air, spring, or gas-powered handgun capable of injuring a person, without permit.; first-offender presumption of non-incarceration may apply (2C:44-1(e), carve-outs))presumptiveN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Fineup to 15000 usd (no statutory minimum) (Handguns - air/spring/gas type — Possession of an air, spring, or gas-powered handgun capable of injuring a person, without permit.; or up to double gain/loss (2C:43-3); offense-specific ceilings may exceed)discretionaryN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Jail / prison3 years to 5 years (Rifles/shotguns - no purchaser ID card — Knowing possession of a rifle or shotgun without a firearms purchaser identification card.; first-offender presumption of non-incarceration may apply (2C:44-1(e), carve-outs))presumptiveN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Fineup to 15000 usd (no statutory minimum) (Rifles/shotguns - no purchaser ID card — Knowing possession of a rifle or shotgun without a firearms purchaser identification card.; or up to double gain/loss (2C:43-3); offense-specific ceilings may exceed)discretionaryN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Jail / prison3 years to 5 years (Rifles/shotguns - loaded — Knowing possession of a loaded rifle or shotgun, unless otherwise permitted by law.; first-offender presumption of non-incarceration may apply (2C:44-1(e), carve-outs))presumptiveN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Fineup to 15000 usd (no statutory minimum) (Rifles/shotguns - loaded — Knowing possession of a loaded rifle or shotgun, unless otherwise permitted by law.; or up to double gain/loss (2C:43-3); offense-specific ceilings may exceed)discretionaryN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Jail / prisonup to 18 months (no statutory minimum) (Other weapons — Knowing possession of any other weapon under circumstances not manifestly appropriate for lawful use.; first-offender presumption of non-incarceration may apply (2C:44-1(e), carve-outs))discretionaryN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Fineup to 10000 usd (no statutory minimum) (Other weapons — Knowing possession of any other weapon under circumstances not manifestly appropriate for lawful use.; or up to double gain/loss (2C:43-3))discretionaryN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Jail / prison3 years to 5 years (Firearm in educational institution — Possession of a firearm on school grounds without written authorization from the institution's governing officer.; first-offender presumption of non-incarceration may apply (2C:44-1(e), carve-outs))presumptiveN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Fineup to 15000 usd (no statutory minimum) (Firearm in educational institution — Possession of a firearm on school grounds without written authorization from the institution's governing officer.; or up to double gain/loss (2C:43-3); offense-specific ceilings may exceed)discretionaryN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Jail / prisonup to 18 months (no statutory minimum) (Enumerated weapon or component in educational institution — Possession of certain enumerated weapons, firearm components, or other inappropriate weapons on school grounds without authorization.; first-offender presumption of non-incarceration may apply (2C:44-1(e), carve-outs))discretionaryN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Fineup to 10000 usd (no statutory minimum) (Enumerated weapon or component in educational institution — Possession of certain enumerated weapons, firearm components, or other inappropriate weapons on school grounds without authorization.; or up to double gain/loss (2C:43-3))discretionaryN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Jail / prison5 years to 10 years (Assault firearms — Knowing possession of an assault firearm not licensed, registered, or rendered inoperable as specified.; presumption of imprisonment (2C:44-1(d)))presumptiveN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6
Fineup to 150000 usd (no statutory minimum) (Assault firearms — Knowing possession of an assault firearm not licensed, registered, or rendered inoperable as specified.; or up to double gain/loss (2C:43-3); offense-specific ceilings may exceed)discretionaryN.J.S.A. 2C:43-6

Applies to current.

How is unlawful possession of weapons classified in New jersey?

The classification depends on the circumstances:

Classification variants for Unlawful possession of weapons
VariantClassificationWhen it appliesStatute
Machine gunscrime of the second degreeKnowing possession of a machine gun without a license.N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined
Handguns - generalcrime of the second degreeKnowing possession of a handgun without a carry permit.N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined
Handguns - air/spring/gas typecrime of the third degreePossession of an air, spring, or gas-powered handgun capable of injuring a person, without permit.N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined
Rifles/shotguns - no purchaser ID cardcrime of the third degreeKnowing possession of a rifle or shotgun without a firearms purchaser identification card.N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined
Rifles/shotguns - loadedcrime of the third degreeKnowing possession of a loaded rifle or shotgun, unless otherwise permitted by law.N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined
Other weaponscrime of the fourth degreeKnowing possession of any other weapon under circumstances not manifestly appropriate for lawful use.N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined
Firearm in educational institutioncrime of the third degreePossession of a firearm on school grounds without written authorization from the institution's governing officer.N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined
Enumerated weapon or component in educational institutioncrime of the fourth degreePossession of certain enumerated weapons, firearm components, or other inappropriate weapons on school grounds without authorization.N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined
Assault firearmscrime of the second degreeKnowing possession of an assault firearm not licensed, registered, or rendered inoperable as specified.N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined

Common questions about unlawful possession of weapons in New jersey

What degree of offense is unlawful possession of weapons in New Jersey?

It depends on the circumstances: unlawful possession of weapons ranges from a crime of the fourth degree to a crime of the second degree in New Jersey under N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5.

Machine guns: crime of the second degree (N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined) · Handguns - general: crime of the second degree (N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined) · Handguns - air/spring/gas type: crime of the third degree (N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined) · Rifles/shotguns - no purchaser ID card: crime of the third degree (N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined) · Rifles/shotguns - loaded: crime of the third degree (N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined) · Other weapons: crime of the fourth degree (N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined) · Firearm in educational institution: crime of the third degree (N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined) · Enumerated weapon or component in educational institution: crime of the fourth degree (N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined) · Assault firearms: crime of the second degree (N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5undefined)

What are the penalties for unlawful possession of weapons in New Jersey?

Penalties for unlawful possession of weapons in New Jersey depend on how it is classified — from a crime of the fourth degree up to a crime of the second degree — with the ranges set by N.J.S.A. 2C:43-6; the full table of ranges by variant is published on this page.

Which New Jersey statute covers unlawful possession of weapons?

Unlawful possession of weapons is governed by N.J.S.A. 2C:39-5 (Unlawful possession of weapons).

Legal terms used in this law

This reference is informational and is not legal advice. Penalty ranges are the statutory classification ranges; sentencing in a specific case depends on its facts and history.